KEVOS® MAKEOS · Engineering
Axial Stress and Extension
What elastic stress and length change follow from this axial force?
Calculate nominal stress, strain, extension or shortening and strain energy for a uniform member under concentric axial load.
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How this tool works
Inputs, units and where to find them
| Input | Unit | Typical source |
|---|---|---|
| Signed axial force | N | Concentric force: tension positive, compression negative. |
| Uniform cross-sectional area | mm² | Uniform load-carrying area normal to force, with any justified net-area reduction. |
| Member length | mm | Uniform length between the displacement reference points. |
| Young’s modulus | MPa | Young’s modulus for the actual material, temperature and elastic loading direction. |
Method and formulas
- Stress = force/area in N/mm² (MPa); strain = stress/E; extension = strain × length.
- Energy in joules = force² × length/(2 × area × E × 1000), for elastic loading from zero.
- Example: 10,000 N, 200 mm², 1000 mm and 200,000 MPa gives 50 MPa, strain 0.00025, extension 0.25 mm and 1.25 J.
Limitations
- Small-strain linear elasticity, uniform area and concentric static load are assumed. Yielding, joints, thermal effects and concentrations are excluded.
- Compression may buckle before nominal stress becomes high; column stability is not calculated.
- No allowable load or structural compliance is established.
- Default values are worked examples, not recommended settings or material properties.
Typical uses
- axial deformation
- tensile stress
- elastic strain
Who it is for
- Mechanical designers
- Project engineers
What you get
- Signed nominal stress and strain
- Extension or shortening
- Elastic strain energy
Interpreting the result
- Compare with independently established material, stability and serviceability criteria.
- Check load introduction and joint compliance when comparing measured displacement.
References
- Machinery’s Handbook, 29th edition (Industrial Press, 2012), printed pp. 199–202. Topic reference; implementation and examples are original, and no source tables are reproduced.
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